How to install solar panels at home?
5 Key Things to Consider Before Solar Installation
1. Analyse Your Energy Needs
2. Evaluate Solar Potential
Not every home is equally suited for solar installation. Consider:
- Roof Orientation & Tilt: South-facing roofs receive maximum sunlight.
- Shading Issues: Trees or buildings blocking sunlight affect panel efficiency.
- Available Space: A 1kW system requires 100 sq. ft. of roof space.
3. Choose the Right Solar System
There are three types of residential solar systems:
- On-Grid: Connects to the electricity grid, reducing your bill via net metering.
- Off-Grid: Uses batteries to store energy, ideal for remote areas.
- Hybrid: A mix of both, offering backup and grid connectivity.
4. Budget and Solar Panel Installation Cost
| System Size | Estimated Cost (₹) |
|---|---|
|
1kW |
₹60,000 – ₹80,000 |
|
3kW |
₹1,50,000 – ₹2,00,000 |
|
5kW |
₹2,50,000 – ₹3,50,000 |
|
10kW |
₹4,50,000 – ₹6,00,000 |
Government subsidies such as PM-KUSUM can reduce costs by 30-40%.
5. Permits and Regulations
- Local Approval: Some areas require permits for solar installations.
- Net Metering Policies: Enables exporting excess power to the grid.
- Equipment Standards: Grid-connected systems need certified inverters.
These 5 Aspects can help you understand the requirements you need before you install solar panels at home.
8-Step Solar Panel Installation Process
When you are looking install solar panels at home, it is essential to understand the step by step process so you are able to make the installation successful
1. Install the Mounting Structure
- Fixed Mounts (lower cost, fixed angle)
- Adjustable Mounts (allow seasonal tilt adjustments for better efficiency)
2. Mount the Solar Panels
Align and securely fasten the panels to maximize sunlight exposure. Proper sealing prevents water damage.
3. Wire the Panels
4. Connect to the Inverter
The inverter converts DC electricity from solar panels into AC power for home appliances. Choose between:
- String Inverters (cheaper, works well in unshaded areas)
- Microinverters (better performance in partial shading)
5. Install Battery Storage (Optional)
For off-grid and hybrid setups, batteries store excess power. Options include:
- Lithium-Ion Batteries (longer lifespan, high efficiency)
- Lead-Acid Batteries (cheaper, shorter lifespan)
6. Grid Connection and Net Metering
Grid-connected systems need a bi-directional meter to track energy exported and imported. Ensure approval from the electricity board.
7. Earthing and Safety Measures
Proper grounding prevents electrical hazards and protects against lightning strikes. Surge protection devices (SPDs) add an extra layer of security.
8. Test and Activate the System
Once installed, conduct performance tests to verify efficiency. Use solar monitoring tools to track energy production and system performance.
Conclusion
Key Takeaways
- Installing solar panels at home cuts electricity costs and promotes energy independence.
- Assessing energy needs and roof suitability ensures the right system choice.
- Government subsidies reduce solar installation costs by up to 40%.
- A structured 8-step installation process ensures safety and efficiency.
- Investing in solar power is an eco-friendly solution with long-term savings.
FAQs
The home solar system cost varies by size. A 5kW system costs ₹2.5L-₹3.5L, with government subsidies reducing expenses.
DIY installation is possible, but professional solar installers ensure proper setup, safety, and compliance with regulations.
A 1kW system requires 3-4 panels. A typical home may need 15-20 panels (5kW system) for complete energy coverage.
Yes, if the system is correctly sized. A 5kW solar system generates 20-25 kWh daily, covering most household needs. Battery storage ensures power during outages.
